UK
The United Kingdom London
Ireland
Law and Practice Contributed by: Samantha Ward, Ben Jasper, Oliver Carroll and Bethany Downey Clifford Chance LLP
Germany
Belgium
France
Contents 1. Introduction p.242 1.1 Current Framework for Private Antitrust Litigation p.242 1.2 Recent Developments p.242 2. Private Antitrust Claims: Basis and Procedure p.246 2.1 Statutory Basis p.246 2.2 Courts p.246 2.3 Impact of Competition Authorities p.247 2.4 Proof p.247 2.5 Pass-On Defence p.248 3. Limitation Periods and the Duration of Litigation p.249 3.1 Statute of Limitations p.249 3.2 Typical Length of Private Antitrust Litigation p.249 4. Class and Collective Actions p.250 4.1 Statutory Basis p.250 4.2 Opting In or Out p.250 4.3 Direct/Indirect Purchasers p.251 4.4 Class Certification p.251 5. Choice of Jurisdiction p.252 5.1 Rules on Jurisdiction and Applicable Law p.252 6. Disclosure/Discovery p.252 6.1 Disclosure/Discovery Procedure p.252 6.2 Legal Professional Privilege p.253
8. Damages p.255 8.1 Damages: Assessment, Passing On and Interest p.255 9. Liability and Contribution p.257 9.1 Joint and Several Liability p.257 9.2 Contribution p.257 10. Other Remedies p.257 10.1 Injunctions p.257 10.2 Alternative Dispute Resolution p.258 11. Funding and Costs p.258 11.1 Litigation Funding p.258 11.2 Costs p.259 12. Appeals p.260 12.1 Basis of Appeal p.260 13. Looking Forward p.260 13.1 Legislative Trends and Other Developments p.260
6.3 Leniency and Settlement Agreements p.254 7. Witness and Expert Opinions p.254 7.1 Witness Procedure p.254 7.2 Expert Witness Role and Procedure p.255
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