SWEDEN
Finland
Sweden
Norway
Law and Practice Contributed by: Helena Selander, Pontus Scherp and Fredrik Norburg Norburg & Scherp
Stockholm
Russia
Latvia
Denmark
Contents 1. Introduction P.171 1.1 Current Framework for Private Antitrust Litigation p.171 1.2 Recent Developments p.171 2. Private Antitrust Claims: Basis and Procedure P.171 2.1 Statutory Basis p.171 2.2 Courts p.172 2.3 Impact of Competition Authorities p.172 2.4 Proof p.172 2.5 Pass-On Defence p.173 3. Limitation Periods and the Duration of Litigation P.173 3.1 Statute of Limitations p.173 3.2 Typical Length of Private Antitrust Litigation p.174 4. Class and Collective Actions P.174 4.1 Statutory Basis p.174 4.2 Opting In or Out p.174 4.3 Direct/Indirect Purchasers p.174 4.4 Class Certification p.174 5. Choice of Jurisdiction P.174 5.1 Rules on Jurisdiction and Applicable Law p.174 6. Disclosure/Discovery P.175 6.1 Disclosure/Discovery Procedure p.175 6.2 Legal Professional Privilege p.176 6.3 Leniency and Settlement Agreements p.176
7. Witness and Expert Opinions P.176 7.1 Witness Procedure p.176 7.2 Expert Witness Role and Procedure p.176 8. Damages P.176 8.1 Damages: Assessment, Passing On and Interest p.176 9. Liability and Contribution P.177 9.1 Joint and Several Liability p.177 9.2 Contribution p.177 10. Other Remedies P.177 10.1 Injunctions p.177 10.2 Alternative Dispute Resolution p.178 11. Funding and Costs P.178 11.1 Litigation Funding p.178 11.2 Costs p.178 12. Appeals P.179 12.1 Basis of Appeal p.179 13. Looking Forward P.179 13.1 Legislative Trends and Other Developments p.179
169 A NTITRUST LI T IGATI O N 2026
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