USA
Canada
United States of America
Washington DC
Law and Practice Contributed by: Robert Houck, William Lavery, Leigh Oliver and Joseph Ostoyich Clifford Chance LLP
Mexico
Contents 1. Introduction P.223 1.1 Current Framework for Private Antitrust Litigation p.223 1.2 Recent Developments p.224 2. Private Antitrust Claims: Basis and Procedure P.224 2.1 Statutory Basis p.224 2.2 Courts p.225 2.3 Impact of Competition Authorities p.225 2.4 Proof p.226 2.5 Pass-On Defence p.226 3. Limitation Periods and the Duration of Litigation P.226 3.1 Statute of Limitations p.226 3.2 Typical Length of Private Antitrust Litigation p.226 4. Class and Collective Actions P.227 4.1 Statutory Basis p.227 4.2 Opting In or Out p.227 4.3 Direct/Indirect Purchasers p.227 4.4 Class Certification p.227 5. Choice of Jurisdiction P.228 5.1 Rules on Jurisdiction and Applicable Law p.228 6. Disclosure/Discovery P.229 6.1 Disclosure/Discovery Procedure p.229 6.2 Legal Professional Privilege p.229 6.3 Leniency and Settlement Agreements p.230
7. Witness and Expert Opinions P.231 7.1 Witness Procedure p.231 7.2 Expert Witness Role and Procedure p.231 8. Damages P.231 8.1 Damages: Assessment, Passing On and Interest p.231 9. Liability and Contribution P.232 9.1 Joint and Several Liability p.232 9.2 Contribution p.232 10. Other Remedies P.233 10.1 Injunctions p.233 10.2 Alternative Dispute Resolution p.233 11. Funding and Costs P.233 11.1 Litigation Funding p.233 11.2 Costs p.234 12. Appeals P.234 12.1 Basis of Appeal p.234 13. Looking Forward P.235 13.1 Legislative Trends and Other Developments p.235
221 A NTITRUST LI T IGATI O N 2026
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