NORWAY Law and Practice Contributed by: Andreas Stang Lund, Per Conradi Andersen, Alexander Daae and Emilie Wilberg, Kvale Advokatfirma DA
10.2 Impact Artificial intelligence is having a tangible impact on dispute resolution in Norway. Many Norwegian law firms are integrating AI to streamline routine tasks, analyse large volumes of documents and assist in document preparation before hearings and negotia- tions. At the same time, its use raises important ethical and legal concerns, particularly in relation to confiden- tiality, quality control and procedural proportionality. There have also been examples of self-represented parties using AI to generate disproportionately lengthy pleadings and document bundles, which may in turn raise questions as to the assessment of legal costs. 10.3 Future Norwegian courts have incorporated the use of AI to improve efficiency, particularly for information retriev- al, summaries, timelines and draft preparation. Its use is currently limited to support functions for judges and court staff, and does not extend to independent deci- sion-making. The use of AI in dispute resolution in Norway is expect- ed to increase significantly in the coming years. Nor- way has a strong policy focus on AI across both the public and private sectors, and law firms and courts are already beginning to adopt AI tools to improve effi- ciency. The overall direction is clearly towards broader use, although this will likely be accompanied by closer attention to confidentiality, quality control and regula- tory compliance.
• public policy; • lack of due process; • the award dealing with matters not falling within the scope of the arbitration clause; or • irregularities in the composition of the arbitral tribunal. Norwegian courts may not review the merits of the award. A common feature of both foreign judgments and arbi- tral awards is that the threshold for refusing enforce- ment is high. Any challenge must be based on formal, procedural or public policy grounds. Disagreement with the outcome, errors of law or errors of fact are not grounds for refusal. At present, the use of artificial intelligence is not sub- ject to any separate, specific regulation under Norwe- gian law, either generally or specifically in the field of dispute resolution. A new Norwegian AI Act has been proposed and is expected to enter into force during 2026, but the draft legislation does not contain any specific rules on the use of AI in dispute resolution. The closest thing to more specific regulation at pre- sent is the Norwegian Bar Association’s guidance on the safe use of AI in legal practice. 10. Dispute Resolution and AI 10.1 Regulation
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