EGYPT Law and Practice Contributed by: Ibrahim Shehata, Hesham Kamel, Mohamed Abed and Omar Selim, Shehata & Partners
dice Egypt’s security, sovereignty, public order, public morals or national security interests. Foreign Discovery and Cross-Border Disclosures In relation to foreign discovery, for example, Egypt and the United States are parties to a mutual legal assistance agreement in criminal matters, which pro - vides that where one of the two States requests data relating to the identity or location of individuals, the requested State is obliged to provide such information in accordance with the terms of the agreement. Sanctions Compliance From a sanctions compliance perspective, the Crimi - nal Procedural Law allows Egyptian authorities to refuse a request for judicial assistance where the offence forming the subject of the request is not pun - ishable under Egyptian law. Interaction With the PDPL and Judicial Co-Operation Exceptions The PDPL expressly provides that its provisions do not apply to personal data relating to judicial records, investigations or judicial proceedings.
For personal data that enters into the scope of appli - cation of the PDPL, the transfer, sharing, exchange or processing of personal data to a foreign country that does not provide an adequate level of protection is permitted with the explicit consent of the data subject or their legal representative, in the following cases: • where the transfer is carried out for international judicial co-operation; or • where the transfer or exchange is implemented pursuant to a bilateral or multilateral international agreement to which Egypt is a party. 5.5 Recent Developments The Regulations were issued in November 2025, set - ting out the requirements, procedures and applicable fees for cross-border transfers of personal data. Look - ing ahead, the Center is expected to issue specific guidelines addressing cross-border data transfers, to further clarify the applicable requirements.
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