Doing Business In... 2025

KUWAIT

Iraq

Iran

Kuwait

Law and Practice Contributed by: Sam Habbas, Luis Cunha, Hisham Al-Quraan and Mustafa Sayed ASAR – Al Ruwayeh & Partners

Saudi Arabia

Contents 1. Legal System p.433 1.1 Legal System and Judicial Order p.433 2. Restrictions on Foreign Investments p.433 2.1 Approval of Foreign Investments p.433 2.2 Procedure and Sanctions in the Event of Non-Compliance p.434 2.3 Commitments Required From Foreign Investors p.436 2.4 Right to Appeal p.436 3. Corporate Vehicles p.436 3.1 Most Common Forms of Legal Entity p.436 3.2 Incorporation Process p.437 3.3 Ongoing Reporting and Disclosure Obligations p.438 3.4 Management Structures p.438 3.5 Directors’, Officers’ and Shareholders’ Liability p.438 4. Employment Law p.438 4.1 Nature of Applicable Regulations p.438 4.2 Characteristics of Employment Contracts p.439 4.3 Working Time p.439 4.4 Termination of Employment Contracts p.439 4.5 Employee Representations p.440 5. Tax Law p.441 5.1 Taxes Applicable to Employees/Employers p.441

5.2 Taxes Applicable to Businesses p.441 5.3 Available Tax Credits/Incentives p.442 5.4 Tax Consolidation p.442 5.5 Thin Capitalisation Rules and Other Limitations p.442 5.6 Transfer Pricing p.443 5.7 Anti-Evasion Rules p.444 5.8 Tariffs p.444 6. Competition Law p.445

6.1 Merger Control Notification p.445 6.2 Merger Control Procedure p.446 6.3 Cartels p.446 6.4 Abuse of Dominant Position p.447

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