BRAZIL Trends and Developments Contributed by: Tiago de Mattos Silva and Bruno Costa, William Freire Advogados Associados
Noteworthy point: Regulatory Agenda | 2025/2026 biennium In December 2024, the ANM published its Reg - ulatory Agenda for the 2025/2026 biennium. The document outlines the priority and indica - tive items that will be the focus of regulation or normative improvements over the next two years. The agenda reflects ANM’s commitment to addressing critical challenges in the mining sector, enhancing regulatory frameworks, and aligning with global best practices to ensure sus - tainable development and operational efficiency. Among the listed topics, the following stand out: • Regulation of waste and tailings piles (NRM 19). • Mining-related conflicts (eg, blocked areas, urban zoning, protected areas • , quilombola and traditional communities). • Review of licensing processes for the small- scale mining permit (PLG). • Simplification of mineral rights transfer and lease processes. • Declaration of public utility (important for min - ing easements and expropriation). • Update of licensing norms for nuclear miner - als, aligned with Law 14,514/2022. • Review and modernisation of Mine Closure Plan regulations (Resolution ANM 68/2021). • Financial guarantees and insurance to cover risks related to mining activities. • Review of Resolution ANM 122/2022 (which covers sanctions).
9, 2025, allowing stakeholders to actively partici - pate in shaping the final regulatory framework. Looking Ahead Brazil is still a consistent target for investment and the mining industry is planning investments of USD50.5 billion between 2023 and 2027, especially for projects associated with the green energy transition. Recent years have seen the creation of the so- called Vale do Lítio (Lithium Valley) in the state of Minas Gerais. This is a project aimed at develop - ing municipalities in the northeastern and north - ern areas of the state. This development is to be based on the lithium production chain and is expected to create jobs and raise incomes in these two regions. In addition, there has been an enormous influx of investment into the states of Minas Gerais, Goiás and Bahia for the development of world- class mining projects aimed at exploiting rare earth deposits, especially after the first mine out - side Asia, located in the state of Goiás, began producing the four critical magnetic rare earth elements.
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