ROMANIA Law and Practice Contributed by: Monia Dobrescu and Mădălina Trifan, Mușat & Asociații
6.8 Costs Payable by a Tenant at the Start of a Lease Although security deposits for rent are not required by law, they are common in practice. The same applies to fit-out works performed by the tenant. In addition, in order to be enforceable against subsequent owners, the lease must be regis - tered in the Land Book and the tenant has to bear the related fee. This is useful, but not man - datory. The tenant has to pay no further addi - tional costs at the beginning of a lease. 6.9 Payment of Maintenance and Repair For the maintenance and repair of the common areas (eg, parking lots and gardens), each tenant pays an amount proportional to its leased area. 6.10 Payment of Utilities and Telecommunications The payment of utilities and telecommunications costs can be freely negotiated by the parties. If there are several tenants occupying a property, the general cost of utilities is usually paid by the landlord and re-invoiced to the tenants based on their consumption. As for telecommunications, each tenant normally concludes agreements directly with these suppliers.
business within the leased premises (assets, activity, persons). 6.13 Restrictions on the Use of Real Estate The tenant must use the leased property pru - dently and diligently, according to the purpose provided in the agreement or the use presumed on the basis of certain circumstances (eg, previ - ous use of the property). Otherwise, the landlord may claim damage compensation and even, as the case may be, termination of the contract. Under certain conditions, changing the leased property designation requires the approval of the neighbours. 6.14 Tenant’s Ability to Alter and Improve Real Estate If the tenant modifies the property or uses it in such a way as to cause damages, the landlord can claim compensation and, as the case may be, terminate the contract. The landlord has the right to keep the improvements to the proper - ty made without prior approval and cannot be obliged to compensate the tenant for such. It is the landlord’s choice to request the tenant to return the property to its original condition or to accept the payment of compensation for any damage caused. 6.15 Specific Regulations The rules established by the Civil Code apply to lease agreements, while the law provides for specific provisions for dwellings, most of which create additional protection for the ten - ant. Agreements for the use of agricultural land ( contractul de arendă ) also fall under certain spe - cific legal provisions.
6.11 Payment of Property Taxes No content provided for this section. 6.12 Insurance Issues
The landlord usually concludes a building insur - ance policy and an insurance policy for natu - ral disasters, with the latter being imposed by current legislation with regard to dwellings and residential units. The tenant usually concludes insurance policies relating to the assets and
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