AUSTRALIA Law and Practice Contributed by: Dennis Miralis and Jack Dennis, Nyman Gibson Miralis
• the Australian Prudential Regulation Authority (APRA); and • the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC). Specifically in relation to criminal enforcement, the following regulators are key: • the Australian Federal Police (AFP); • the Commonwealth Director of Public Pros - ecutions (CDPP); • the Australian Security Intelligence Organisa - tion (ASIO); • the Australian Transaction Reports and Analy - sis Centre (AUSTRAC); and • the Australian Criminal Intelligence Commis - sion (ACIC). Each of the above are addressed below. Overarching Government Agencies DoHA The DoHA is the lead government department for cyberpolicy. The DoHA develops cybersecu - rity and cybercrime law and policy, implements Australia’s national cybersecurity strategy and responds to international and domestic cyber - security threats and opportunities, including in the areas of critical infrastructure and emerging technologies. The DoHA also has responsibil - ity for cybersecurity and cybercrime operational agencies including the AFP, ACIC, AUSTRAC, and ASIO. ASD, ACSC and CERT The ASD is Australia’s operational lead on cyber - security and plays both a signals intelligence and information security role. The ASD undertakes cyberthreat monitoring and conducts defen - sive, disruption and offensive cyber-operations offshore to support military operations and to counter terrorism, cyber-espionage and serious
cyber-enabled crime. The ASD also advises and co-ordinates operational responses to cyber- intrusions on government, critical infrastruc - ture, information networks and other systems of national significance. Within the ASD sits the Australian Cyber Secu - rity Centre (ACSC). The ACSC drives cyber- resilience across the whole Australian economy including with respect to critical infrastructure, government, large organisations and small to medium businesses, academia, NGOs and the broader Australian community. The ACSC pro - vides general information, advice and assistance to Australian organisations and the public on cyberthreats and it collaborates with business, government and the community to increase cyber-resilience across Australia. The ACSC also runs the Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT), which provides advice and support to industry on cybersecurity issues affecting Australia’s critical infrastructure and other systems of national significance. Other key government bodies At this juncture, the following should also be noted. • The Attorney-General’s Department (AGD) advises government on cybersecurity policies and law, including in relation to human rights, privacy, protective security, international law, administration of criminal justice, and over - sight of intelligence, security and law enforce - ment agencies. • The Department of Defence (DoD) contributes to Australia’s whole-of-government cyber - security policy and operations and houses ASD; it also houses the Information Warfare Division, which develops information warfare
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