MEXICO
USA
Mexico
Law and Practice Contributed by: Federico Ruanova Guinea and Isabella Guzman Baker McKenzie
Mexico City
Guatemala
Contents 1. Regulatory Framework and Law p.304 1.1 Environmental Protection Policies, Principles and Laws p.304 2. Enforcement Authorities and Mechanisms p.304 2.1 Regulatory Authorities p.304 2.2 Co-Operation p.304 3. Environmental Protections p.305 3.1 Protection of Environmental Assets p.305 3.2 Breaching Protections p.305 4. Environmental Incidents and Permits p.305 4.1 Investigative and Access Powers p.305 4.2 Environmental Permits/Approvals p.305 4.3 Regulators’ Approach to Policy and Enforcement p.306 4.4 Transferring Permits/Approvals p.306 4.5 Consequences of Breaching Permits/Approvals p.306 5. Environmental Liability p.306 5.1 Key Types of Liability p.306 5.2 Liability for Historical Environmental Incidents or Damage p.306 5.3 Key Defences p.307 6. Corporate Liability p.307 6.1 Liability for Environmental Damage or Breaches of Environmental Law p.307 6.2 Environmental Taxes p.307 6.3 Incentives, Exemptions and Penalties p.307 6.4 Shareholder or Parent Company Liability p.308
10. Civil Liability p.309 10.1 Civil Claims p.309 10.2 Exemplary or Punitive Damages p.310 10.3 Class or Group Actions p.310 10.4 Landmark Cases p.310 11. Contractual Agreements p.311 11.1 Transferring or Apportioning Liability p.311 12. Contaminated Land p.311 12.1 Key Laws Governing Contaminated Land p.311 12.2 Clearing Contaminated Land p.312 12.3 Determining Liability p.312 12.4 Proceedings Against Polluters p.312 12.5 Investigating Environmental Accidents p.313 13. Climate Change and Emissions Trading p.313 13.1 Key Policies, Principles and Laws p.313 13.2 Targets to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions p.313 14. Asbestos and Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) p.314 14.1 Key Policies, Principles and Laws Relating to Asbestos and PCBs p.314 15. Waste p.314 15.1 Key Laws and Regulatory Controls p.314 15.2 Retention of Environmental Liability p.314 15.3 Circular Economy Requirements p.315 15.4 Rights and Obligations Applicable to Waste Operators p.315 16. Environmental Disclosure and Information p.315 16.1 Disclosure and Reporting Requirements p.315 16.2 Public Environmental Information p.315 16.3 Corporate Disclosure Requirement p.315 16.4 Green Finance p.316 17. Transactions p.316 17.1 Environmental Due Diligence p.316 17.2 Disclosure of Environmental Information p.316 17.3 Key Issues in Environmental Due Diligence p.316
6.5 ESG Requirements p.308 6.6 Environmental Audits p.308 7. Personal Liability p.308 7.1 Directors and Other Officers p.308 8. Insurance p.309 8.1 Environmental Insurance p.309 9. Lender Liability p.309 9.1 Financial Institutions/Lenders p.309 9.2 Lender Protection p.309
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