SPAIN
France
Spain
Madrid
Portugal
Law and Practice Contributed by: Mario Sol Muntañola, Javier Márquez Martín, Ferran Llaquet Ballarín and Ana Padial Sol Muntañola Abogados
Contents 1. Patents p.309 1.1 Legal Framework and Patentable Subject Matter p.309 1.2 Patent Granting Procedure p.309 1.3 Scope, Term and Maintenance of Patent Rights p.310 1.4 Ownership, Assignment and Licensing p.310 1.5 Patent Infringement and Defences p.310 1.6 Patent Enforcement and Remedies p.311 2. Trade Marks p.311 2.1 Legal Framework and Protectable Signs p.311 2.2 Requirements for Trade Mark Protection p.311 2.3 Trade Mark Registration System p.312 2.4 Term, Use and Maintenance p.312 2.5 Trade Mark Rights and Limitations p.312 2.6 Trade Mark Enforcement and Remedies p.313 3. Copyright p.313 3.1 Legal Framework and Copyrightable Works p.313 3.2 Requirements for Copyright Protection p.313 3.3 Authorship and Ownership p.313 3.4 Scope of Rights and Moral Rights p.314 3.5 Term of Protection and Termination p.314 3.6 Limitations, Exceptions and Defences p.314 3.7 Copyright Enforcement and Remedies p.315 3.8 Infringement Tests and Substantiality p.315 3.9 Collective Management and Licensing p.315 4. Industrial Designs and Trade Dress p.315 4.1 Legal Framework and Protectable Subject Matter p.315 4.2 Requirements for Protection p.315 4.3 Registration and Term p.316 4.4 Enforcement and Remedies p.316 4.5 Functionality and Technical Features p.316 5. Trade Secrets p.316 5.1 Legal Framework and Protectable Information p.316 5.2 Reasonable Measures and Confidentiality p.317
6. Know-How p.318 6.1 Definition and Legal Basis of Know-How p.318 6.2 Protectability Requirements and Scope p.318 6.3 Ownership, Creation and Employee Know-How p.318 6.4 Protection Through Contract and Confidentiality p.318 6.5 Licensing and Assignment p.319 6.6 Reverse Engineering p.319
7. Data, AI and Emerging IP Issues p.319 7.1 Data Rights and Database Protection p.319
7.2 AI-Generated Works and Inventorship/Authorship p.319 7.3 Training Data, Model Development and Infringement Risk p.319 7.4 Enforcement Against AI-Enabled Infringement p.320 8. Intersections and Overlaps p.320 8.1 Choice of Protection and Strategic Considerations p.320 8.2 Cumulative and Overlapping Protection p.320 8.3 Patents and Trade Secrets p.321 8.4 Trade Marks, Trade Dress and Industrial Designs p.321 8.5 Copyright and Trade Marks p.321 8.6 Enforcement and Remedies Across Multiple IP Rights p.321 8.7 International and Cross-Border Considerations p.322
5.3 Misappropriation of Trade Secrets p.317 5.4 Duration and Loss of Protection p.317 5.5 Enforcement and Remedies p.317
307 CHAMBERS.COM
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