ROMANIA
Ukraine
Slovakia
Moldova
Hungary
Romania
Law and Practice Contributed by: Cosmin Vasile, Alina Tugearu and Violeta Saranciuc Zamfirescu Racoți Vasile & Partners Attorneys At Law
Bucharest
Serbia
Bulgaria
Contents 1. General p.647 1.1 Prevalence of Arbitration p.647 1.2 Key Industries p.648 1.3 Arbitration Institutions p.648 1.4 National Courts p.649 2. Governing Legislation p.649 2.1 Governing Law p.649 2.2 Changes to National Law p.649 3. The Arbitration Agreement p.649 3.1 Enforceability p.649 3.2 Arbitrability p.649 3.3 National Courts’ Approach p.650 3.4 Validity p.650 4. The Arbitral Tribunal p.650 4.1 Limits on Selection p.650 4.2 Default Procedures p.650 4.3 Court Intervention p.651 4.4 Challenge and Removal of Arbitrators p.651 4.5 Arbitrator Requirements p.652 5. Jurisdiction p.652 5.1 Challenges to Jurisdiction p.652 5.2 Circumstances for Court Intervention p.652 5.3 Timing of Challenge p.652 5.4 Standard of Judicial Review for Jurisdiction/ Admissibility p.652 5.5 Breach of Arbitration Agreement p.653 5.6 Jurisdiction Over Third Parties p.653 6. Preliminary and Interim Relief p.653
8. Evidence p.655 8.1 Collection and Submission of Evidence p.655 8.2 Rules of Evidence p.655 8.3 Powers of Compulsion p.656 9. Confidentiality p.656 9.1 Extent of Confidentiality p.656 10. The Award p.656 10.1 Legal Requirements p.656 10.2 Types of Remedies p.656 10.3 Recovering Interest and Legal Costs p.657 11. Review of an Award p.657 11.1 Grounds for Appeal p.657 11.2 Excluding/Expanding the Scope of Appeal p.657
11.3 Standard of Judicial Review p.658 12. Enforcement of an Award p.658 12.1 New York Convention p.658 12.2 Enforcement Procedure p.658 12.3 Approach of the Courts p.659 13. Miscellaneous p.659 13.1 Class Action or Group Arbitration p.659 13.2 Ethical Codes p.659 13.3 Third-Party Funding p.659 13.4 Consolidation p.659 13.5 Binding of Third Parties p.659
6.1 Types of Relief p.653 6.2 Role of Courts p.654 6.3 Security for Costs p.654 7. Procedure p.654
7.1 Governing Rules p.654 7.2 Procedural Steps p.655 7.3 Powers and Duties of Arbitrators p.655 7.4 Legal Representatives p.655
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