ROMANIA
Ukraine
Slovakia
Moldova
Hungary
Romania
Law and Practice Contributed by: Cosmin Vasile and Alina Tugearu Zamfirescu Racoți Vasile & Partners Attorneys At Law
Bucharest
Serbia
Bulgaria
Contents 1. General p.953 1.1 General Characteristics of the Legal System p.953 1.2 Court System p.953
6. Injunctive Relief p.959 6.1 Circumstances of Injunctive Relief p.959
6.2 Arrangements for Obtaining Urgent Injunctive Relief p.959 6.3 Availability of Injunctive Relief on an Ex Parte Basis p.959 6.4 Liability for Damages for the Applicant p.959 6.5 Respondent’s Worldwide Assets and Injunctive Relief p.960 6.6 Third Parties and Injunctive Relief p.960 6.7 Consequences of a Respondent’s Non-Compliance p.960 7. Trials and Hearings p.960 7.1 Trial Proceedings p.960 7.2 Case Management Hearings p.960 7.3 Jury Trials in Civil Cases p.960 7.4 Rules That Govern Admission of Evidence p.960 7.5 Expert Testimony p.961 7.6 Extent to Which Hearings Are Open to the Public p.961 7.7 Level of Intervention by a Judge p.961 7.8 General Timeframes for Proceedings p.961 8. Settlement p.962 8.1 Court Approval p.962 8.2 Settlement of Lawsuits and Confidentiality p.962 8.3 Enforcement of Settlement Agreements p.962 8.4 Setting Aside Settlement Agreements p.962 9. Damages and Judgment p.962 9.1 Awards Available to the Successful Litigant p.962 9.2 Rules Regarding Damages p.962 9.3 Pre-Judgment and Post-Judgment Interest p.962 9.4 Enforcement Mechanisms of a Domestic Judgment p.963 9.5 Enforcement of a Judgment From a Foreign Country p.963 10. Appeal p.963 10.1 Levels of Appeal or Review to a Litigation p.963 10.2 Rules Concerning Appeals of Judgments p.963 10.3 Procedure for Taking an Appeal p.964 10.4 Issues Considered by the Appeal Court at an Appeal p.964 10.5 Court-Imposed Conditions on Granting an Appeal p.964 10.6 Powers of the Appellate Court After an Appeal Hearing p.964
1.3 Court Filings and Proceedings p.953 1.4 Legal Representation in Court p.953 2. Litigation Funding p.954 2.1 Third-Party Litigation Funding p.954 2.2 Third-Party Funding: Lawsuits p.954
2.3 Third-Party Funding for Plaintiff and Defendant p.954 2.4 Minimum and Maximum Amounts of Third-Party Funding p.954 2.5 Types of Costs Considered Under Third-Party Funding p.954 2.6 Contingency Fees p.954 2.7 Time Limit for Obtaining Third-Party Funding p.954 3. Initiating a Lawsuit p.954 3.1 Rules on Pre-Action Conduct p.954 3.2 Statutes of Limitations p.954 3.3 Jurisdictional Requirements for a Defendant p.955
3.4 Initial Complaint p.955 3.5 Rules of Service p.955 3.6 Failure to Respond p.955
3.7 Representative or Collective Actions p.956 3.8 Requirements for Cost Estimate p.956 4. Pre-Trial Proceedings p.956
4.1 Interim Applications/Motions p.956 4.2 Early Judgment Applications p.956 4.3 Dispositive Motions p.956 4.4 Requirements for Interested Parties to Join a Lawsuit p.957 4.5 Applications for Security for Defendant’s Costs p.957 4.6 Costs of Interim Applications/Motions p.957 4.7 Application/Motion Timeframe p.957 5. Discovery p.958 5.1 Discovery and Civil Cases p.958 5.2 Discovery and Third Parties p.958 5.3 Discovery in This Jurisdiction p.958 5.4 Alternatives to Discovery Mechanisms p.958 5.5 Legal Privilege p.958 5.6 Rules Disallowing Disclosure of a Document p.959
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