Litigation 2026

Definitive global law guides offering comparative analysis from top-ranked lawyers


INTRODUCTION
8

Contributed by Gary Born and Matteo Angelini, WilmerHale
8

AUSTRIA
12

Law and Practice
12

Contributed by KNOETZL
12

Trends and Developments
34

Contributed by KNOETZL
34

BELGIUM
39

Law and Practice
39

Contributed by Janson
39

BELIZE
53

Law and Practice
53

Contributed by Barrow and Williams LLP
53

BERMUDA
70

Law and Practice
70

Contributed by Carey Olsen
70

Trends and Developments
89

Contributed by Appleby
89

BRAZIL
97

Law and Practice
97

Contributed by Villamil Advogados
97

Trends and Developments
115

Contributed by Akel Advogados
115

BRITISH VIRGIN ISLANDS
122

Law and Practice
122

Contributed by Carey Olsen
122

CANADA
143

Law and Practice
143

Contributed by Lawson Lundell LLP
143

Trends and Developments
161

Contributed by Lawson Lundell LLP
161

CAYMAN ISLANDS
167

Law and Practice
167

Contributed by Carey Olsen
167

CHINA
188

Law and Practice
188

Contributed by Anli Partners
188

Trends and Developments
208

Contributed by Lawjay Partners
208

CROATIA
215

Law and Practice
215

Contributed by Buterin & Partners
215

CUBA
232

Trends and Developments
232

Contributed by Akerman LLP
232

CYPRUS
239

Law and Practice
239

Contributed by Scordis, Papapetrou & Co LLC
239

Trends and Developments
256

Contributed by Scordis, Papapetrou & Co LLC
256

DENMARK
260

Law and Practice
260

Contributed by Fabritius Tengnagel & Heine
260

ENGLAND & WALES
278

Law and Practice
278

Contributed by Slaughter and May
278

Trends and Developments
298

Contributed by Maltin PR
298

FINLAND
305

Law and Practice
305

Contributed by Lieke Attorneys Ltd
305

Trends and Developments
325

Contributed by Lieke Attorneys Ltd
325

FRANCE
330

Law and Practice
330

Contributed by Kiejman & Marembert
330

Trends and Developments
348

Contributed by Jeantet
348

GERMANY
354

Law and Practice
354

Contributed by Pfitzner Legal
354

GREECE
375

Law and Practice
375

Contributed by Kyriakides Georgopoulos Law Firm
375

GUERNSEY
391

Law and Practice
391

Contributed by Carey Olsen
391

HUNGARY
409

Law and Practice
409

Contributed by Oppenheim Law Firm
409

Trends and Developments
428

Contributed by Oppenheim Law Firm
428

INDIA
434

Law and Practice
434

Contributed by Cyril Amarchand Mangaldas
434

INDONESIA
454

Law and Practice
454

Contributed by SSEK Law Firm
454

Trends and Developments
475

Contributed by SSEK Law Firm
475

ISRAEL
481

Law and Practice
481

Contributed by Arnon, Tadmor-Levy
481

ITALY
495

Law and Practice
495

Contributed by Eversheds Sutherland
495

Trends and Developments
515

Contributed by Eversheds Sutherland
515

JAPAN
522

Law and Practice
522

Contributed by Anderson Mori & Tomotsune
522

JERSEY
538

Law and Practice
538

Contributed by Carey Olsen
538

KENYA
558

Law and Practice
558

Contributed by Ahmednasir Abdullahi Advocates LLP
558

Trends and Developments
579

Contributed by Ahmednasir Abdullahi Advocates LLP
579

LEBANON
586

Law and Practice
586

Contributed by Obeid & Partners
586

Trends and Developments
608

Contributed by Obeid & Partners
608

LIECHTENSTEIN
614

Law and Practice
614

Contributed by Schurti Partners Attorneys at Law Ltd
614

Trends and Developments
632

Contributed by Nueber Konzett
632

MACAU SAR, CHINA
637

Law and Practice
637

Contributed by Riquito Advogados
637

Trends and Developments
657

Contributed by Riquito Advogados
657

MALTA
662

Law and Practice
662

Contributed by Ganado Advocates
662

MAURITIUS
683

Law and Practice
683

Contributed by BLC Robert & Associates
683

MEXICO
702

Law and Practice
702

Contributed by Bufete Asali
702

Trends and Developments
721

Contributed by White & Case, S.C.
721

MOLDOVA
728

Law and Practice
728

Contributed by EFRIM, RO»òCA & Associates
728

Trends and Developments
748

Contributed by EFRIM, RO»òCA & Associates
748

MONACO
755

Law and Practice
755

Contributed by CMS Monaco
755

NETHERLANDS
769

Law and Practice
769

Contributed by Florent B.V.
769

NEW ZEALAND
790

Law and Practice
790

Contributed by Cuncannon
790

Trends and Developments
810

Contributed by Cuncannon
810

NIGERIA
814

Law and Practice
814

Contributed by G Elias
814

Trends and Developments
833

Contributed by KENNA
833

NORWAY
840

Law and Practice
840

Contributed by Advokatfirmaet Simonsen Vogt Wiig
840

Trends and Developments
858

Contributed by Advokatfirmaet Simonsen Vogt Wiig
858

PANAMA
865

Law and Practice
865

Contributed by FABREGA MOLINO
865

Trends and Developments
878

Contributed by FABREGA MOLINO
878

PERU
883

Law and Practice
883

Contributed by Monroy & Shima Abogados
883

Trends and Developments
904

Contributed by Monroy & Shima Abogados
904

PHILIPPINES
909

Law and Practice
909

Contributed by Angara Abello Concepcion Regala & Cruz (ACCRALAW)
909

Trends and Developments
928

Contributed by Angara Abello Concepcion Regala & Cruz (ACCRALAW)
928

POLAND
934

Law and Practice
934

Contributed by Sołtysiński Kawecki & Szlęzak
934

ROMANIA
951

Law and Practice
951

Contributed by Zamfirescu Racoți Vasile & Partners Attorneys At Law
951

Trends and Developments
970

Contributed by Zamfirescu Racoți Vasile & Partners Attorneys At Law
970

SAUDI ARABIA
975

Law and Practice
975

Contributed by Derayah LLPC
975

SINGAPORE
991

Law and Practice
991

Contributed by Drew & Napier LLC
991

Trends and Developments
1016

Contributed by WongPartnership LLP
1016

SOUTH KOREA
1024

Law and Practice
1024

Contributed by Kim & Chang
1024

SPAIN
1043

Law and Practice
1043

Contributed by López-Ibor DPM
1043

Trends and Developments
1061

Contributed by López-Ibor DPM
1061

SWEDEN
1066

Law and Practice
1066

Contributed by Delphi
1066

TAIWAN
1085

Law and Practice
1085

Contributed by Formosa Transnational Attorneys At Law
1085

THAILAND
1105

Law and Practice
1105

Contributed by Tilleke & Gibbins
1105

THE TURKS & CAICOS ISLANDS
1121

Law and Practice
1121

Contributed by Wilson Wells
1121

TÜRKIYE
1146

Law and Practice
1146

Contributed by Aktay Law Firm
1146

Trends and Developments
1165

Contributed by Aktay Law Firm
1165

UAE
1173

Law and Practice
1173

Contributed by Tarish Al Mansoori Advocates and Legal Consultants
1173

Trends and Developments
1184

Contributed by BSA LAW
1184

USA
1188

Law and Practice
1188

Contributed by Ajamie LLP
1188

Trends and Developments
1211

Contributed by Kasowitz LLP
1211

USA – FLORIDA
1217

Trends and Developments
1217

Contributed by Berk, Merchant & Sims
1217

USA – ILLINOIS
1222

Trends and Developments
1222

Contributed by Much Shelist
1222

USA – OAKLAHOMA
1228

Trends and Developments
1228

Contributed by Hartzog Conger Cason
1228

USA – TEXAS
1234

Trends and Developments
1234

Contributed by Vartabedian Hester & Haynes LLP
1234

ZAMBIA
1241

Law and Practice
1241

Contributed by Nchito & Nchito Advocates
1241

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