PORTUGAL CONTENTS
6.7 Rules of Payment for Order Flow p.653 6.8 Market Integrity Principles p.653 7. High-Frequency and Algorithmic Trading p.653 7.1 Creation and Usage Regulations p.653 7.2 Requirement To Be Licensed or Registered as a Market Maker When Functioning in a Principal Capacity p.653
7.3 Regulatory Distinction Between Funds and Dealers p.653 7.4 Regulation of Programmers and Programming p.654 8. Insurtech p.654 8.1 Underwriting Processes p.654 8.2 Treatment of Different Types of Insurance p.654 9. Regtech p.654 9.1 Regulation of Regtech Providers p.654 9.2 Contractual Terms to Ensure Performance and Accuracy p.655 10. Blockchain p.655 10.1 Use of Blockchain in the Financial Services Industry p.655 10.2 Local Regulators’ Approach to Blockchain p.655 10.3 Classification of Blockchain Assets p.656 10.4 Regulation of “Issuers” of Blockchain Assets p.656 10.5 Regulation of Blockchain Asset Trading Platforms p.656 10.6 Staking p.657
10.7 Crypto-Related Lending p.657 10.8 Cryptocurrency Derivatives p.657 10.9 Decentralised Finance (DeFi) p.657 10.10 Regulation of Funds p.657 10.11 Virtual Currencies p.657 10.12 NFTs p.657 10.13 Stablecoins p.658 11. Open Banking p.658 11.1 Regulation of Open Banking p.658 11.2 Concerns Raised by Open Banking p.659 12. Fraud p.659 12.1 Elements of Fraud p.659
12.2 Areas of Regulatory Focus p.660 12.3 Responsibility for Losses p.660
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