Private Equity 2025

ITALY

Switzerland

Slovenia

Croatia

France

Bosnia

Italy

Rome

Albania

Law and Practice Contributed by: Alessandro Corno, Luca Magrini, Pasquale Mosella and Rocco Pugliese Alma LED

Contents 1. Transaction Activity p.281

1.1 Private Equity Transactions and M&A Deals in General p.281 1.2 Market Activity and Impact of Macro-Economic Factors p.281 2. Private Equity Developments p.282 2.1 Impact of Legal Developments on Funds and Transactions p.282 3. Regulatory Framework p.282 3.1 Primary Regulators and Regulatory Issues p.282 4. Due Diligence p.283 5. Structure of Transactions p.283 5.1 Structure of the Acquisition p.283 5.2 Structure of the Buyer p.283 5.3 Funding Structure of Private Equity Transactions p.284 5.4 Multiple Investors p.284 6. Terms of Acquisition Documentation p.285 4.1 General Information p.283 4.2 Vendor Due Diligence p.283 6.3 Dispute Resolution for Consideration Structures p.285 6.4 Conditionality in Acquisition Documentation p.285 6.5 “Hell or High Water” Undertakings p.286 6.6 Break Fees p.286 6.7 Termination Rights in Acquisition Documentation p.286 6.8 Allocation of Risk p.286 6.9 Warranty and Indemnity Protection p.286 6.10 Other Protections in Acquisition Documentation p.287 6.11 Commonly Litigated Provisions p.287 7. Takeovers p.288 7.1 Public-to-Private p.288 7.2 Material Shareholding Thresholds and Disclosure in Tender Offers p.288 7.3 Mandatory Offer Thresholds p.288 7.4 Consideration p.289 6.1 Types of Consideration Mechanism p.285 6.2 Locked-Box Consideration Structures p.285

7.5 Conditions in Takeovers p.289 7.6 Acquiring Less Than 100% p.290 7.7 Irrevocable Commitments p.290

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