Banking and Finance 2025

Definitive global law guides offering comparative analysis from top-ranked lawyers


INTRODUCTION
6

Contributed by Maura O’Sullivan, Michael Chernick, Caroline Chapman and John Chua, A&O Shearman
6

AUSTRIA
11

Law and Practice
11

Contributed by Fellner Wratzfeld & Partner Rechtsanwälte GmbH
11

Trends and Developments
29

Contributed by Fellner Wratzfeld & Partner Rechtsanwälte GmbH
29

ASIA-PACIFIC
33

Trends and Developments
33

Contributed by Joint-Win Partners
33

BERMUDA
36

Law and Practice
36

Contributed by Wakefield Quin Limited
36

BRAZIL
49

Law and Practice
49

Contributed by Panucci, Severo e Nebias Advogados
49

Trends and Developments
65

Contributed by Panucci, Severo e Nebias Advogados
65

CAYMAN ISLANDS
75

Trends and Developments
75

Contributed by Appleby
75

CHILE
80

Law and Practice
80

Contributed by Cuatrecasas
80

CHINA
99

Law and Practice
99

Contributed by Beijing DHH Law Firm
99

Trends and Developments
115

Contributed by Beijing Docvit Law Firm
115

CYPRUS
120

Law and Practice
120

Contributed by Scordis, Papapetrou & Co LLC
120

CZECH REPUBLIC
137

Trends and Developments
137

Contributed by HAVEL & PARTNERS
137

FRANCE
142

Law and Practice
142

Contributed by King & Spalding
142

Trends and Developments
160

Contributed by King & Spalding
160

GERMANY
166

Law and Practice
166

Contributed by Freshfields
166

GREECE
183

Law and Practice
183

Contributed by Machas & Partners
183

Trends and Developments
200

Contributed by Machas & Partners
200

INDONESIA
206

Law and Practice
206

Contributed by Makarim & Taira S.
206

Trends and Developments
221

Contributed by Makarim & Taira S.
221

ISRAEL
227

Law and Practice
227

Contributed by Arnon, Tadmor-Levy
227

ITALY
240

Law and Practice
240

Contributed by CBA Studio legale e tributario
240

JAPAN
257

Law and Practice
257

Contributed by Mori Hamada
257

KENYA
271

Law and Practice
271

Contributed by Africa Law Partners
271

Trends and Developments
288

Contributed by Africa Law Partners
288

LATVIA
291

Law and Practice
291

Contributed by BERG
291

LIECHTENSTEIN
306

Law and Practice
306

Contributed by Schurti Partners Attorneys at Law Ltd
306

LUXEMBOURG
320

Law and Practice
320

Contributed by GSK Stockmann
320

Trends and Developments
339

Contributed by Maples and Calder
339

MACAU SAR, CHINA
347

Law and Practice
347

Contributed by Lektou
347

MALAYSIA
359

Law and Practice
359

Contributed by Zi Li & Partners
359

MAURITIUS
376

Law and Practice
376

Contributed by Bowmans
376

Trends and Developments
391

Contributed by Bowmans
391

MEXICO
393

Law and Practice
393

Contributed by Nader Hayaux & Goebel
393

NETHERLANDS
408

Law and Practice
408

Contributed by CMS
408

NIGERIA
426

Law and Practice
426

Contributed by Dentons ACAS-Law (Adepetun, Caxton-Martins, Agbor & Segun)
426

Trends and Developments
444

Contributed by Stren & Blan Partners
444

NORWAY
451

Law and Practice
451

Contributed by BAHR
451

Trends and Developments
463

Contributed by BAHR
463

PANAMA
468

Law and Practice
468

Contributed by Morgan & Morgan
468

Trends and Developments
483

Contributed by Morgan & Morgan
483

PORTUGAL
488

Law and Practice
488

Contributed by Cuatrecasas
488

Trends and Developments
506

Contributed by PLMJ
506

SINGAPORE
512

Law and Practice
512

Contributed by Drew & Napier LLC
512

Trends and Developments
530

Contributed by WongPartnership LLP
530

SLOVENIA
537

Law and Practice
537

Contributed by Schoenherr Slovenia
537

SPAIN
560

Law and Practice
560

Contributed by Cases & Lacambra
560

SWEDEN
581

Law and Practice
581

Contributed by Harvest Advokatbyrå
581

Trends and Developments
596

Contributed by Harvest Advokatbyrå
596

SWITZERLAND
602

Law and Practice
602

Contributed by Lenz & Staehelin
602

THAILAND
618

Law and Practice
618

Contributed by Chandler Mori Hamada
618

Trends and Developments
636

Contributed by Chandler Mori Hamada
636

UAE
641

Law and Practice
641

Contributed by BSA LAW
641

US VIRGIN ISLANDS
658

Law and Practice
658

Contributed by Dudley Newman Feuerzeig LLP
658

USA
668

Law and Practice
668

Contributed by A&O Shearman
668

Trends and Developments
685

Contributed by Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP
685

USA – RHODE ISLAND
692

Trends and Developments
692

Contributed by Partridge Snow & Hahn LLP
692

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