Blockchain and Crypto-Assets 2026

PANAMA Law and Practice Contributed by: Teresa Carballo and Edgar Young Pacifica Legal

Nicaragua

Panama City

Costa Rica

Panama

Colombia

Contents 1. Overview of Blockchain and Crypto-Assets p.457 1.1 Blockchain p.457 1.2 Crypto-Assets p.459 2. Regulation p.463 2.1 Regulators and International Alignment p.463 2.2 Crypto-Asset Regulatory Frameworks p.465 2.3 Regulated Firms and Legal Wrappers p.465 2.4 Token Issuance p.465 2.5 Market Abuse p.466 2.6 Non-Compliance p.466 3. Licensing and Set-Up Requirements p.467

3.1 Licensing Requirements p.467 3.2 Set-Up Requirements p.468 3.3 Change of Control p.468 3.4 Passporting p.468 4. Cross-Border Services p.468 4.1 Marketing p.468 4.2 White Labelling p.469 5. Decentralised Finance p.469 5.1 Ability to Use DeFi p.469 5.2 DeFi Structures p.469 5.3 Liability p.470 6. Payments and Stablecoins p.470

6.1 Payments p.470 6.2 Stablecoins p.470 7. Tokenisation and Real-World Assets p.471 7.1 Treatment p.471

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