GERMANY CONTENTS
6.7 Rules of Payment for Order Flow p.320 6.8 Market Integrity Principles p.320 7. High-Frequency and Algorithmic Trading p.321 7.1 Creation and Usage Regulations p.321 7.2 Requirement To Be Licensed or Registered as a Market Maker When Functioning in a Principal Capacity p.321
7.3 Regulatory Distinction Between Funds and Dealers p.321 7.4 Regulation of Programmers and Programming p.321 8. Insurtech p.322 8.1 Underwriting Processes p.322 8.2 Treatment of Different Types of Insurance p.322 9. Regtech p.322 9.1 Regulation of Regtech Providers p.322 9.2 Contractual Terms to Ensure Performance and Accuracy p.322 10. Blockchain p.323 10.1 Use of Blockchain in the Financial Services Industry p.323 10.2 Local Regulators’ Approach to Blockchain p.323 10.3 Classification of Blockchain Assets p.323 10.4 Regulation of “Issuers” of Blockchain Assets p.324 10.5 Regulation of Blockchain Asset Trading Platforms p.324 10.6 Staking p.324
10.7 Crypto-Related Lending p.324 10.8 Cryptocurrency Derivatives p.324 10.9 Decentralised Finance (DeFi) p.325 10.10 Regulation of Funds p.325 10.11 Virtual Currencies p.325 10.12 NFTs p.325 10.13 Stablecoins p.326 11. Open Banking p.326 11.1 Regulation of Open Banking p.326 11.2 Concerns Raised by Open Banking p.326 12. Fraud p.327 12.1 Elements of Fraud p.327
12.2 Areas of Regulatory Focus p.327 12.3 Responsibility for Losses p.327
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