Definitive global law guides offering comparative analysis from top-ranked lawyers
INTRODUCTION | 5 |
Contributed by David P. Flynn, Phillips Lytle LLP | 5 |
ARGENTINA | 8 |
Law and Practice | 8 |
Contributed by Pozo Gowland Abogados | 8 |
BANGLADESH | 31 |
Trends and Developments | 31 |
Contributed by Farooq & Associates | 31 |
BRAZIL | 37 |
Law and Practice | 37 |
Contributed by Tauil & Chequer Advogados in association with Mayer Brown | 37 |
Trends and Developments | 62 |
Contributed by Advocacia Bettiol | 62 |
GREECE | 70 |
Law and Practice | 70 |
Contributed by Koutalidis Law Firm | 70 |
Trends and Developments | 93 |
Contributed by Koutalidis Law Firm | 93 |
INDONESIA | 102 |
Law and Practice | 102 |
Contributed by ABNR Counsellors at Law | 102 |
Trends and Developments | 115 |
Contributed by ABNR Counsellors at Law | 115 |
JAPAN | 118 |
Law and Practice | 118 |
Contributed by Nagashima Ohno & Tsunematsu | 118 |
Trends and Developments | 146 |
Contributed by Mori Hamada & Matsumoto | 146 |
KENYA | 156 |
Law and Practice | 156 |
Contributed by EMSI & Associates | 156 |
MEXICO | 180 |
Law and Practice | 180 |
Contributed by Cortés Quesada Abogados, S.C. | 180 |
Trends and Developments | 198 |
Contributed by Cortés Quesada Abogados, S.C. | 198 |
NORWAY | 206 |
Law and Practice | 206 |
Contributed by Advokatfirmaet Haavind AS | 206 |
Trends and Developments | 227 |
Contributed by Advokatfirmaet Haavind AS | 227 |
PAKISTAN | 236 |
Law and Practice | 236 |
Contributed by RIAA Barker Gillette | 236 |
PHILIPPINES | 260 |
Law and Practice | 260 |
Contributed by Puno Law | 260 |
UK | 275 |
Law and Practice | 275 |
Contributed by King & Spalding International LLP | 275 |
Trends and Developments | 299 |
Contributed by King & Spalding International LLP | 299 |
USA | 308 |
Law and Practice | 308 |
Contributed by Phillips Lytle LLP | 308 |
USA – CALIFORNIA | 329 |
Law and Practice | 329 |
Contributed by Buchalter | 329 |
Trends and Developments | 354 |
Contributed by Buchalter | 354 |
USA – TEXAS | 362 |
Trends and Developments | 362 |
Contributed by Troutman Pepper Locke | 362 |
USA – WASHINGTON | 372 |
Trends and Developments | 372 |
Contributed by Kilpatrick Townsend & Stockton | 372 |
1. Structure and Ownership of the Power Industry | 12 |
1.1 Law Governing the Structure and Ownership of the Power Industry | 12 |
1.2 Principal State-Owned or Investor-Owned Entities | 13 |
1.3 Foreign Investment Review Process | 14 |
1.4 Sale of Power Industry Assets | 15 |
1.5 Central Planning Authorities | 15 |
1.6 Recent Changes in Law or Regulation | 16 |
1.7 Announcements Regarding New Policies | 16 |
1.8 Unique Aspects of the Power Industry | 18 |
2. Market Structure, Supply and Pricing | 19 |
2.1 The Wholesale Electricity Market | 19 |
2.2 Electricity Imports and Exports | 20 |
2.3 Supply Mix of Electricity | 21 |
2.4 Market Concentration Limits | 21 |
2.5 Surveillance to Detect Anti-Competitive Behaviour | 21 |
3. Generation Facilities | 22 |
3.1 Constructing and Operating Generation Facilities | 22 |
3.2 Obtaining Approvals to Construct and Operate Generation Facilities | 22 |
3.3 Approvals to Construct and Operate Generation Facilities | 23 |
3.4 Eminent Domain, Condemnation and Expropriation Rights to Construct and Operate Generation Facilities | 23 |
3.5 Decommissioning a Generation Facility | 24 |
4. Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 24 |
4.1 Constructing and Operating Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 24 |
4.2 Obtaining Approvals to Construct and Operate Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 25 |
4.3 Terms and Conditions Imposed on Approvals to Construct and Operate a Transmission Line and Associated Facilities | 25 |
4.4 Eminent Domain, Condemnation and Expropriation Rights to Construct and Operate Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 26 |
4.5 Monopoly Rights to Provide Transmission Services | 27 |
4.6 Transmission Charges and Terms of Service | 27 |
4.7 Open-Access and Non-Discriminatory Transmission | 27 |
5. Distribution | 28 |
5.1 Constructing and Operating Electricity Distribution Facilities | 28 |
5.2 Regulatory Process for Obtaining Approvals to Construct and Operate Electricity Distribution Facilities | 28 |
5.3 Terms and Conditions Imposed in Approvals to Construct and Operate Electric Distribution Facilities | 29 |
5.4 Eminent Domain, Condemnation or Expropriation Rights to Construct and Operate Electricity Distribution Facilities | 29 |
5.5 Monopoly Rights for Electricity Distribution Entities | 30 |
5.6 Electricity Distribution System Charges and Terms of Service | 30 |
1. Structure and Ownership of the Power Industry | 41 |
1.1 Law Governing the Structure and Ownership of the Power Industry | 41 |
1.2 Principal State-Owned or Investor-Owned Entities | 45 |
1.3 Foreign Investment Review Process | 46 |
1.4 Sale of Power Industry Assets | 47 |
1.5 Central Planning Authorities | 47 |
1.6 Recent Changes in Law or Regulation | 48 |
1.7 Announcements Regarding New Policies | 51 |
1.8 Unique Aspects of the Power Industry | 52 |
2. Market Structure, Supply and Pricing | 52 |
2.1 The Wholesale Electricity Market | 52 |
2.2 Electricity Imports and Exports | 53 |
2.3 Supply Mix of Electricity | 53 |
2.4 Market Concentration Limits | 54 |
2.5 Surveillance to Detect Anti-Competitive Behaviour | 54 |
3. Generation Facilities | 54 |
3.1 Constructing and Operating Generation Facilities | 54 |
3.2 Obtaining Approvals to Construct and Operate Generation Facilities | 55 |
3.3 Approvals to Construct and Operate Generation Facilities | 55 |
3.4 Eminent Domain, Condemnation and Expropriation Rights to Construct and Operate Generation Facilities | 56 |
3.5 Decommissioning a Generation Facility | 56 |
4. Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 57 |
4.1 Constructing and Operating Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 57 |
4.2 Obtaining Approvals to Construct and Operate Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 57 |
4.3 Terms and Conditions Imposed on Approvals to Construct and Operate a Transmission Line and Associated Facilities | 57 |
4.4 Eminent Domain, Condemnation and Expropriation Rights to Construct and Operate Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 58 |
4.5 Monopoly Rights to Provide Transmission Services | 58 |
4.6 Transmission Charges and Terms of Service | 58 |
4.7 Open-Access and Non-Discriminatory Transmission | 59 |
5. Distribution | 59 |
5.1 Constructing and Operating Electricity Distribution Facilities | 59 |
5.2 Regulatory Process for Obtaining Approvals to Construct and Operate Electricity Distribution Facilities | 60 |
5.3 Terms and Conditions Imposed in Approvals to Construct and Operate Electric Distribution Facilities | 60 |
5.4 Eminent Domain, Condemnation or Expropriation Rights to Construct and Operate Electricity Distribution Facilities | 60 |
5.5 Monopoly Rights for Electricity Distribution Entities | 61 |
5.6 Electricity Distribution System Charges and Terms of Service | 61 |
1. Structure and Ownership of the Power Industry | 74 |
1.1 Law Governing the Structure and Ownership of the Power Industry | 74 |
1.2 Principal State-Owned or Investor-Owned Entities | 75 |
1.3 Foreign Investment Review Process | 76 |
1.4 Sale of Power Industry Assets | 77 |
1.5 Central Planning Authorities | 77 |
1.6 Recent Changes in Law or Regulation | 78 |
1.7 Announcements Regarding New Policies | 79 |
1.8 Unique Aspects of the Power Industry | 80 |
2. Market Structure, Supply and Pricing | 80 |
2.1 The Wholesale Electricity Market | 80 |
2.2 Electricity Imports and Exports | 81 |
2.3 Supply Mix of Electricity | 82 |
2.4 Market Concentration Limits | 82 |
2.5 Surveillance to Detect Anti-Competitive Behaviour | 83 |
3. Generation Facilities | 84 |
3.1 Constructing and Operating Generation Facilities | 84 |
3.2 Obtaining Approvals to Construct and Operate Generation Facilities | 84 |
3.3 Approvals to Construct and Operate Generation Facilities | 85 |
3.4 Eminent Domain, Condemnation and Expropriation Rights to Construct and Operate Generation Facilities | 86 |
3.5 Decommissioning a Generation Facility | 86 |
4. Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 86 |
4.1 Constructing and Operating Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 86 |
4.2 Obtaining Approvals to Construct and Operate Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 87 |
4.3 Terms and Conditions Imposed on Approvals to Construct and Operate a Transmission Line and Associated Facilities | 88 |
4.4 Eminent Domain, Condemnation and Expropriation Rights to Construct and Operate Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 88 |
4.5 Monopoly Rights to Provide Transmission Services | 89 |
4.6 Transmission Charges and Terms of Service | 89 |
4.7 Open-Access and Non-Discriminatory Transmission | 89 |
5. Distribution | 90 |
5.1 Constructing and Operating Electricity Distribution Facilities | 90 |
5.2 Regulatory Process for Obtaining Approvals to Construct and Operate Electricity Distribution Facilities | 90 |
5.3 Terms and Conditions Imposed in Approvals to Construct and Operate Electric Distribution Facilities | 90 |
5.4 Eminent Domain, Condemnation or Expropriation Rights to Construct and Operate Electricity Distribution Facilities | 91 |
5.5 Monopoly Rights for Electricity Distribution Entities | 91 |
5.6 Electricity Distribution System Charges and Terms of Service | 92 |
1. Structure and Ownership of the Power Industry | 105 |
1.1 Law Governing the Structure and Ownership of the Power Industry | 105 |
1.2 Principal State-Owned or Investor-Owned Entities | 106 |
1.3 Foreign Investment Review Process | 106 |
1.4 Sale of Power Industry Assets | 107 |
1.5 Central Planning Authorities | 108 |
1.6 Recent Changes in Law or Regulation | 108 |
1.7 Announcements Regarding New Policies | 108 |
1.8 Unique Aspects of the Power Industry | 109 |
2. Market Structure, Supply and Pricing | 109 |
2.1 The Wholesale Electricity Market | 109 |
2.2 Electricity Imports and Exports | 109 |
2.3 Supply Mix of Electricity | 110 |
2.4 Market Concentration Limits | 110 |
2.5 Surveillance to Detect Anti-Competitive Behaviour | 110 |
3. Generation Facilities | 110 |
3.1 Constructing and Operating Generation Facilities | 110 |
3.2 Obtaining Approvals to Construct and Operate Generation Facilities | 110 |
3.3 Approvals to Construct and Operate Generation Facilities | 111 |
3.4 Eminent Domain, Condemnation and Expropriation Rights to Construct and Operate Generation Facilities | 111 |
3.5 Decommissioning a Generation Facility | 111 |
4. Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 112 |
4.1 Constructing and Operating Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 112 |
4.2 Obtaining Approvals to Construct and Operate Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 112 |
4.3 Terms and Conditions Imposed on Approvals to Construct and Operate a Transmission Line and Associated Facilities | 112 |
4.4 Eminent Domain, Condemnation and Expropriation Rights to Construct and Operate Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 112 |
4.5 Monopoly Rights to Provide Transmission Services | 113 |
4.6 Transmission Charges and Terms of Service | 113 |
4.7 Open-Access and Non-Discriminatory Transmission | 113 |
5. Distribution | 113 |
5.1 Constructing and Operating Electricity Distribution Facilities | 113 |
5.2 Regulatory Process for Obtaining Approvals to Construct and Operate Electricity Distribution Facilities | 113 |
5.3 Terms and Conditions Imposed in Approvals to Construct and Operate Electric Distribution Facilities | 113 |
5.4 Eminent Domain, Condemnation or Expropriation Rights to Construct and Operate Electricity Distribution Facilities | 113 |
5.5 Monopoly Rights for Electricity Distribution Entities | 114 |
5.6 Electricity Distribution System Charges and Terms of Service | 114 |
1. Structure and Ownership of the Power Industry | 122 |
1.1 Law Governing the Structure and Ownership of the Power Industry | 122 |
1.2 Principal State-Owned or Investor-Owned Entities | 124 |
1.3 Foreign Investment Review Process | 125 |
1.4 Sale of Power Industry Assets | 126 |
1.5 Central Planning Authorities | 127 |
1.6 Recent Changes in Law or Regulation | 128 |
1.7 Announcements Regarding New Policies | 131 |
1.8 Unique Aspects of the Power Industry | 134 |
2. Market Structure, Supply and Pricing | 134 |
2.1 The Wholesale Electricity Market | 134 |
2.2 Electricity Imports and Exports | 137 |
2.3 Supply Mix of Electricity | 137 |
2.4 Market Concentration Limits | 137 |
2.5 Surveillance to Detect Anti-Competitive Behaviour | 137 |
3. Generation Facilities | 138 |
3.1 Constructing and Operating Generation Facilities | 138 |
3.2 Obtaining Approvals to Construct and Operate Generation Facilities | 138 |
3.3 Approvals to Construct and Operate Generation Facilities | 139 |
3.4 Eminent Domain, Condemnation and Expropriation Rights to Construct and Operate Generation Facilities | 140 |
3.5 Decommissioning a Generation Facility | 140 |
4. Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 141 |
4.1 Constructing and Operating Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 141 |
4.2 Obtaining Approvals to Construct and Operate Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 141 |
4.3 Terms and Conditions Imposed on Approvals to Construct and Operate a Transmission Line and Associated Facilities | 142 |
4.4 Eminent Domain, Condemnation and Expropriation Rights to Construct and Operate Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 143 |
4.5 Monopoly Rights to Provide Transmission Services | 143 |
4.6 Transmission Charges and Terms of Service | 143 |
4.7 Open-Access and Non-Discriminatory Transmission | 144 |
5. Distribution | 144 |
5.1 Constructing and Operating Electricity Distribution Facilities | 144 |
5.2 Regulatory Process for Obtaining Approvals to Construct and Operate Electricity Distribution Facilities | 144 |
5.3 Terms and Conditions Imposed in Approvals to Construct and Operate Electric Distribution Facilities | 144 |
5.4 Eminent Domain, Condemnation or Expropriation Rights to Construct and Operate Electricity Distribution Facilities | 144 |
5.5 Monopoly Rights for Electricity Distribution Entities | 145 |
5.6 Electricity Distribution System Charges and Terms of Service | 145 |
1. Structure and Ownership of the Power Industry | 160 |
1.1 Law Governing the Structure and Ownership of the Power Industry | 160 |
1.2 Principal State-Owned or Investor-Owned Entities | 160 |
1.3 Foreign Investment Review Process | 161 |
1.4 Sale of Power Industry Assets | 163 |
1.5 Central Planning Authorities | 164 |
1.6 Recent Changes in Law or Regulation | 164 |
1.7 Announcements Regarding New Policies | 165 |
1.8 Unique Aspects of the Power Industry | 165 |
2. Market Structure, Supply and Pricing | 166 |
2.1 The Wholesale Electricity Market | 166 |
2.2 Electricity Imports and Exports | 166 |
2.3 Supply Mix of Electricity | 166 |
2.4 Market Concentration Limits | 167 |
2.5 Surveillance to Detect Anti-Competitive Behaviour | 167 |
3. Generation Facilities | 168 |
3.1 Constructing and Operating Generation Facilities | 168 |
3.2 Obtaining Approvals to Construct and Operate Generation Facilities | 168 |
3.3 Approvals to Construct and Operate Generation Facilities | 170 |
3.4 Eminent Domain, Condemnation and Expropriation Rights to Construct and Operate Generation Facilities | 170 |
3.5 Decommissioning a Generation Facility | 172 |
4. Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 173 |
4.1 Constructing and Operating Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 173 |
4.2 Obtaining Approvals to Construct and Operate Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 173 |
4.3 Terms and Conditions Imposed on Approvals to Construct and Operate a Transmission Line and Associated Facilities | 174 |
4.4 Eminent Domain, Condemnation and Expropriation Rights to Construct and Operate Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 174 |
4.5 Monopoly Rights to Provide Transmission Services | 175 |
4.6 Transmission Charges and Terms of Service | 175 |
4.7 Open-Access and Non-Discriminatory Transmission | 176 |
5. Distribution | 176 |
5.1 Constructing and Operating Electricity Distribution Facilities | 176 |
5.2 Regulatory Process for Obtaining Approvals to Construct and Operate Electricity Distribution Facilities | 177 |
5.3 Terms and Conditions Imposed in Approvals to Construct and Operate Electric Distribution Facilities | 177 |
5.4 Eminent Domain, Condemnation or Expropriation Rights to Construct and Operate Electricity Distribution Facilities | 178 |
5.5 Monopoly Rights for Electricity Distribution Entities | 178 |
5.6 Electricity Distribution System Charges and Terms of Service | 178 |
1. Structure and Ownership of the Power Industry | 183 |
1.1 Law Governing the Structure and Ownership of the Power Industry | 183 |
1.2 Principal State-Owned or Investor-Owned Entities | 184 |
1.3 Foreign Investment Review Process | 184 |
1.4 Sale of Power Industry Assets | 185 |
1.5 Central Planning Authorities | 185 |
1.6 Recent Changes in Law or Regulation | 186 |
1.7 Announcements Regarding New Policies | 186 |
1.8 Unique Aspects of the Power Industry | 187 |
2. Market Structure, Supply and Pricing | 187 |
2.1 The Wholesale Electricity Market | 187 |
2.2 Electricity Imports and Exports | 188 |
2.3 Supply Mix of Electricity | 189 |
2.4 Market Concentration Limits | 189 |
2.5 Surveillance to Detect Anti-Competitive Behaviour | 190 |
3. Generation Facilities | 190 |
3.1 Constructing and Operating Generation Facilities | 190 |
3.2 Obtaining Approvals to Construct and Operate Generation Facilities | 191 |
3.3 Approvals to Construct and Operate Generation Facilities | 192 |
3.4 Eminent Domain, Condemnation and Expropriation Rights to Construct and Operate Generation Facilities | 192 |
3.5 Decommissioning a Generation Facility | 193 |
4. Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 193 |
4.1 Constructing and Operating Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 193 |
4.2 Obtaining Approvals to Construct and Operate Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 194 |
4.3 Terms and Conditions Imposed on Approvals to Construct and Operate a Transmission Line and Associated Facilities | 194 |
4.4 Eminent Domain, Condemnation and Expropriation Rights to Construct and Operate Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 194 |
4.5 Monopoly Rights to Provide Transmission Services | 194 |
4.6 Transmission Charges and Terms of Service | 194 |
4.7 Open-Access and Non-Discriminatory Transmission | 195 |
5. Distribution | 195 |
5.1 Constructing and Operating Electricity Distribution Facilities | 195 |
5.2 Regulatory Process for Obtaining Approvals to Construct and Operate Electricity Distribution Facilities | 195 |
5.3 Terms and Conditions Imposed in Approvals to Construct and Operate Electric Distribution Facilities | 196 |
5.4 Eminent Domain, Condemnation or Expropriation Rights to Construct and Operate Electricity Distribution Facilities | 196 |
5.5 Monopoly Rights for Electricity Distribution Entities | 196 |
5.6 Electricity Distribution System Charges and Terms of Service | 196 |
1. Structure and Ownership of the Power Industry | 210 |
1.1 Law Governing the Structure and Ownership of the Power Industry | 210 |
1.2 Principal State-Owned or Investor-Owned Entities | 211 |
1.3 Foreign Investment Review Process | 211 |
1.4 Sale of Power Industry Assets | 212 |
1.5 Central Planning Authorities | 212 |
1.6 Recent Changes in Law or Regulation | 213 |
1.7 Announcements Regarding New Policies | 214 |
1.8 Unique Aspects of the Power Industry | 215 |
2. Market Structure, Supply and Pricing | 215 |
2.1 The Wholesale Electricity Market | 215 |
2.2 Electricity Imports and Exports | 217 |
2.3 Supply Mix of Electricity | 218 |
2.4 Market Concentration Limits | 218 |
2.5 Surveillance to Detect Anti-Competitive Behaviour | 218 |
3. Generation Facilities | 219 |
3.1 Constructing and Operating Generation Facilities | 219 |
3.2 Obtaining Approvals to Construct and Operate Generation Facilities | 220 |
3.3 Approvals to Construct and Operate Generation Facilities | 221 |
3.4 Eminent Domain, Condemnation and Expropriation Rights to Construct and Operate Generation Facilities | 222 |
3.5 Decommissioning a Generation Facility | 222 |
4. Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 223 |
4.1 Constructing and Operating Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 223 |
4.2 Obtaining Approvals to Construct and Operate Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 223 |
4.3 Terms and Conditions Imposed on Approvals to Construct and Operate a Transmission Line and Associated Facilities | 224 |
4.4 Eminent Domain, Condemnation and Expropriation Rights to Construct and Operate Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 224 |
4.5 Monopoly Rights to Provide Transmission Services | 224 |
4.6 Transmission Charges and Terms of Service | 225 |
4.7 Open-Access and Non-Discriminatory Transmission | 225 |
5. Distribution | 225 |
5.1 Constructing and Operating Electricity Distribution Facilities | 225 |
5.2 Regulatory Process for Obtaining Approvals to Construct and Operate Electricity Distribution Facilities | 225 |
5.3 Terms and Conditions Imposed in Approvals to Construct and Operate Electric Distribution Facilities | 226 |
5.4 Eminent Domain, Condemnation or Expropriation Rights to Construct and Operate Electricity Distribution Facilities | 226 |
5.5 Monopoly Rights for Electricity Distribution Entities | 226 |
5.6 Electricity Distribution System Charges and Terms of Service | 226 |
1. Structure and Ownership of the Power Industry | 239 |
1.1 Law Governing the Structure and Ownership of the Power Industry | 239 |
1.2 Principal State-Owned or Investor-Owned Entities | 242 |
1.3 Foreign Investment Review Process | 244 |
1.4 Sale of Power Industry Assets | 245 |
1.5 Central Planning Authorities | 246 |
1.6 Recent Changes in Law or Regulation | 246 |
1.7 Announcements Regarding New Policies | 248 |
1.8 Unique Aspects of the Power Industry | 249 |
2. Market Structure, Supply and Pricing | 251 |
2.1 The Wholesale Electricity Market | 251 |
2.2 Electricity Imports and Exports | 251 |
2.3 Supply Mix of Electricity | 252 |
2.4 Market Concentration Limits | 252 |
2.5 Surveillance to Detect Anti-Competitive Behaviour | 252 |
3. Generation Facilities | 252 |
3.1 Constructing and Operating Generation Facilities | 252 |
3.2 Obtaining Approvals to Construct and Operate Generation Facilities | 253 |
3.3 Approvals to Construct and Operate Generation Facilities | 254 |
3.4 Eminent Domain, Condemnation and Expropriation Rights to Construct and Operate Generation Facilities | 255 |
3.5 Decommissioning a Generation Facility | 255 |
4. Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 255 |
4.1 Constructing and Operating Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 255 |
4.2 Obtaining Approvals to Construct and Operate Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 256 |
4.3 Terms and Conditions Imposed on Approvals to Construct and Operate a Transmission Line and Associated Facilities | 256 |
4.4 Eminent Domain, Condemnation and Expropriation Rights to Construct and Operate Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 257 |
4.5 Monopoly Rights to Provide Transmission Services | 257 |
4.6 Transmission Charges and Terms of Service | 257 |
4.7 Open-Access and Non-Discriminatory Transmission | 257 |
5. Distribution | 257 |
5.1 Constructing and Operating Electricity Distribution Facilities | 257 |
5.2 Regulatory Process for Obtaining Approvals to Construct and Operate Electricity Distribution Facilities | 258 |
5.3 Terms and Conditions Imposed in Approvals to Construct and Operate Electric Distribution Facilities | 258 |
5.4 Eminent Domain, Condemnation or Expropriation Rights to Construct and Operate Electricity Distribution Facilities | 259 |
5.5 Monopoly Rights for Electricity Distribution Entities | 259 |
5.6 Electricity Distribution System Charges and Terms of Service | 259 |
1. Structure and Ownership of the Power Industry | 263 |
1.1 Law Governing the Structure and Ownership of the Power Industry | 263 |
1.2 Principal State-Owned or Investor-Owned Entities | 265 |
1.3 Foreign Investment Review Process | 265 |
1.4 Sale of Power Industry Assets | 266 |
1.5 Central Planning Authorities | 266 |
1.6 Recent Changes in Law or Regulation | 266 |
1.7 Announcements Regarding New Policies | 267 |
1.8 Unique Aspects of the Power Industry | 268 |
2. Market Structure, Supply and Pricing | 268 |
2.1 The Wholesale Electricity Market | 268 |
2.2 Electricity Imports and Exports | 269 |
2.3 Supply Mix of Electricity | 269 |
2.4 Market Concentration Limits | 269 |
2.5 Surveillance to Detect Anti-Competitive Behaviour | 269 |
3. Generation Facilities | 269 |
3.1 Constructing and Operating Generation Facilities | 269 |
3.2 Obtaining Approvals to Construct and Operate Generation Facilities | 269 |
3.3 Approvals to Construct and Operate Generation Facilities | 270 |
3.4 Eminent Domain, Condemnation and Expropriation Rights to Construct and Operate Generation Facilities | 270 |
3.5 Decommissioning a Generation Facility | 270 |
4. Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 270 |
4.1 Constructing and Operating Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 270 |
4.2 Obtaining Approvals to Construct and Operate Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 271 |
4.3 Terms and Conditions Imposed on Approvals to Construct and Operate a Transmission Line and Associated Facilities | 271 |
4.4 Eminent Domain, Condemnation and Expropriation Rights to Construct and Operate Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 271 |
4.5 Monopoly Rights to Provide Transmission Services | 271 |
4.6 Transmission Charges and Terms of Service | 271 |
4.7 Open-Access and Non-Discriminatory Transmission | 272 |
5. Distribution | 272 |
5.1 Constructing and Operating Electricity Distribution Facilities | 272 |
5.2 Regulatory Process for Obtaining Approvals to Construct and Operate Electricity Distribution Facilities | 272 |
5.3 Terms and Conditions Imposed in Approvals to Construct and Operate Electric Distribution Facilities | 272 |
5.4 Eminent Domain, Condemnation or Expropriation Rights to Construct and Operate Electricity Distribution Facilities | 273 |
5.5 Monopoly Rights for Electricity Distribution Entities | 273 |
5.6 Electricity Distribution System Charges and Terms of Service | 273 |
1. Structure and Ownership of the Power Industry | 279 |
1.1 Law Governing the Structure and Ownership of the Power Industry | 279 |
1.2 Principal State-Owned or Investor-Owned Entities | 280 |
1.3 Foreign Investment Review Process | 281 |
1.4 Sale of Power Industry Assets | 281 |
1.5 Central Planning Authorities | 282 |
1.6 Recent Changes in Law or Regulation | 284 |
1.7 Announcements Regarding New Policies | 285 |
1.8 Unique Aspects of the Power Industry | 286 |
2. Market Structure, Supply and Pricing | 286 |
2.1 The Wholesale Electricity Market | 286 |
2.2 Electricity Imports and Exports | 287 |
2.3 Supply Mix of Electricity | 288 |
2.4 Market Concentration Limits | 288 |
2.5 Surveillance to Detect Anti-Competitive Behaviour | 289 |
3. Generation Facilities | 289 |
3.1 Constructing and Operating Generation Facilities | 289 |
3.2 Obtaining Approvals to Construct and Operate Generation Facilities | 290 |
3.3 Approvals to Construct and Operate Generation Facilities | 291 |
3.4 Eminent Domain, Condemnation and Expropriation Rights to Construct and Operate Generation Facilities | 292 |
3.5 Decommissioning a Generation Facility | 292 |
4. Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 293 |
4.1 Constructing and Operating Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 293 |
4.2 Obtaining Approvals to Construct and Operate Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 293 |
4.3 Terms and Conditions Imposed on Approvals to Construct and Operate a Transmission Line and Associated Facilities | 293 |
4.4 Eminent Domain, Condemnation and Expropriation Rights to Construct and Operate Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 294 |
4.5 Monopoly Rights to Provide Transmission Services | 295 |
4.6 Transmission Charges and Terms of Service | 295 |
4.7 Open-Access and Non-Discriminatory Transmission | 296 |
5. Distribution | 296 |
5.1 Constructing and Operating Electricity Distribution Facilities | 296 |
5.2 Regulatory Process for Obtaining Approvals to Construct and Operate Electricity Distribution Facilities | 297 |
5.3 Terms and Conditions Imposed in Approvals to Construct and Operate Electric Distribution Facilities | 297 |
5.4 Eminent Domain, Condemnation or Expropriation Rights to Construct and Operate Electricity Distribution Facilities | 297 |
5.5 Monopoly Rights for Electricity Distribution Entities | 297 |
5.6 Electricity Distribution System Charges and Terms of Service | 297 |
1. Structure and Ownership of the Power Industry | 312 |
1.1 Law Governing the Structure and Ownership of the Power Industry | 312 |
1.2 Principal State-Owned or Investor-Owned Entities | 313 |
1.3 Foreign Investment Review Process | 314 |
1.4 Sale of Power Industry Assets | 314 |
1.5 Central Planning Authorities | 314 |
1.6 Recent Changes in Law or Regulation | 315 |
1.7 Announcements Regarding New Policies | 316 |
1.8 Unique Aspects of the Power Industry | 316 |
2. Market Structure, Supply and Pricing | 316 |
2.1 The Wholesale Electricity Market | 316 |
2.2 Electricity Imports and Exports | 318 |
2.3 Supply Mix of Electricity | 318 |
2.4 Market Concentration Limits | 318 |
2.5 Surveillance to Detect Anti-Competitive Behaviour | 319 |
3. Generation Facilities | 320 |
3.1 Constructing and Operating Generation Facilities | 320 |
3.2 Obtaining Approvals to Construct and Operate Generation Facilities | 321 |
3.3 Approvals to Construct and Operate Generation Facilities | 321 |
3.4 Eminent Domain, Condemnation and Expropriation Rights to Construct and Operate Generation Facilities | 322 |
3.5 Decommissioning a Generation Facility | 322 |
4. Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 322 |
4.1 Constructing and Operating Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 322 |
4.2 Obtaining Approvals to Construct and Operate Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 322 |
4.3 Terms and Conditions Imposed on Approvals to Construct and Operate a Transmission Line and Associated Facilities | 323 |
4.4 Eminent Domain, Condemnation and Expropriation Rights to Construct and Operate Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 324 |
4.5 Monopoly Rights to Provide Transmission Services | 324 |
4.6 Transmission Charges and Terms of Service | 324 |
4.7 Open-Access and Non-Discriminatory Transmission | 326 |
5. Distribution | 326 |
5.1 Constructing and Operating Electricity Distribution Facilities | 326 |
5.2 Regulatory Process for Obtaining Approvals to Construct and Operate Electricity Distribution Facilities | 326 |
5.3 Terms and Conditions Imposed in Approvals to Construct and Operate Electric Distribution Facilities | 327 |
5.4 Eminent Domain, Condemnation or Expropriation Rights to Construct and Operate Electricity Distribution Facilities | 327 |
5.5 Monopoly Rights for Electricity Distribution Entities | 327 |
5.6 Electricity Distribution System Charges and Terms of Service | 327 |
1. Structure and Ownership of the Power Industry | 333 |
1.1 Law Governing the Structure and Ownership of the Power Industry | 333 |
1.2 Principal State-Owned or Investor-Owned Entities | 334 |
1.3 Foreign Investment Review Process | 334 |
1.4 Sale of Power Industry Assets | 335 |
1.5 Central Planning Authorities | 335 |
1.6 Recent Changes in Law or Regulation | 337 |
1.7 Announcements Regarding New Policies | 338 |
1.8 Unique Aspects of the Power Industry | 339 |
2. Market Structure, Supply and Pricing | 340 |
2.1 The Wholesale Electricity Market | 340 |
2.2 Electricity Imports and Exports | 341 |
2.3 Supply Mix of Electricity | 342 |
2.4 Market Concentration Limits | 343 |
2.5 Surveillance to Detect Anti-Competitive Behaviour | 343 |
3. Generation Facilities | 344 |
3.1 Constructing and Operating Generation Facilities | 344 |
3.2 Obtaining Approvals to Construct and Operate Generation Facilities | 345 |
3.3 Approvals to Construct and Operate Generation Facilities | 345 |
3.4 Eminent Domain, Condemnation and Expropriation Rights to Construct and Operate Generation Facilities | 346 |
3.5 Decommissioning a Generation Facility | 346 |
4. Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 347 |
4.1 Constructing and Operating Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 347 |
4.2 Obtaining Approvals to Construct and Operate Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 347 |
4.3 Terms and Conditions Imposed on Approvals to Construct and Operate a Transmission Line and Associated Facilities | 348 |
4.4 Eminent Domain, Condemnation and Expropriation Rights to Construct and Operate Transmission Lines and Associated Facilities | 348 |
4.5 Monopoly Rights to Provide Transmission Services | 349 |
4.6 Transmission Charges and Terms of Service | 349 |
4.7 Open-Access and Non-Discriminatory Transmission | 349 |
5. Distribution | 350 |
5.1 Constructing and Operating Electricity Distribution Facilities | 350 |
5.2 Regulatory Process for Obtaining Approvals to Construct and Operate Electricity Distribution Facilities | 350 |
5.3 Terms and Conditions Imposed in Approvals to Construct and Operate Electric Distribution Facilities | 350 |
5.4 Eminent Domain, Condemnation or Expropriation Rights to Construct and Operate Electricity Distribution Facilities | 351 |
5.5 Monopoly Rights for Electricity Distribution Entities | 351 |
5.6 Electricity Distribution System Charges and Terms of Service | 352 |
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